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The Brazilian Antarctic Program ((ポルトガル語:Programa Antártico Brasileiro); PROANTAR) is a program of the Brazilian Navy which has presence in the continent of Antarctica.〔 It coordinates research and the operational support for research in the region. It currently maintains a year-round research station in Antarctica (Comandante Ferraz Antarctic Station), as well as several seasonal field camps. It also maintains two research vessels that sail in the Antarctic waters (the icebreakers ''Almirante Maximiano'' and ''Ary Rongel'').〔 ==History== The program was officially created in January 1982, when the Brazilian Navy acquired the Danish icebreaker MV ''Thala Dan,'' later renamed ''Barão de Teffé''. That same year, Brazil sent its first expedition ("Operation Antarctica I") to the Antarctic continent and the ''Barão de Teffé'' performed a reconnaissance mission to the northwestern sector of Antarctica in order to select the location where the future Brazilian Antarctic Station would be built. The success of that expedition resulted in international recognition of the Brazilian presence in Antarctica, which allowed the acceptance of the country as a consultative party to the Antarctic Treaty in 1983. A second expedition ("Operation Antarctica II") was held in the summer of 1983-84, with the main task of transporting and building the Brazilian station. The Comandante Ferraz Antarctic Station, consisting of 8 modules, was completed on 6 February 1984. The station was expanded to 33 modules in the following year. Starting in 1986, the station was permanently occupied during the 365 days of the year.〔 In February 1991, President Fernando Collor de Mello reaffirmed Brazil's interest in the region by visiting the Brazilian Antarctic Station, where he spent three days. He was the first Brazilian president to set foot in the Antarctic.〔(Brazil Warms to Job of Exploring the Frozen Continent Antarctica: President Collor pays a visit, pointing up the country's interest in the bottom of the world ) Los Angeles Times. Retrieved on 2009-07-15.〕 In January 2008, 13 congressmen members of the Brazilian Antarctica Parliamentary Committee visited the Brazilian Antarctic Station.〔(Parlamentares que visitaram a Antártida já estão no Brasil ). Chamber of Deputies of Brazil. Retrieved on 2009-07-15. 〕 Another visit by the members of Congress took place in January 2009.〔(Deputados visitam Antártida para conhecer pesquisas na região ) Chamber of Deputies of Brazil. Retrieved on 2009-07-15. 〕 On February 16, 2008, President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva and a delegation of twenty-three people, including first lady Marisa Letícia, visited the country's station in Antarctica. The Brazilian Government defined the presidential trip as a "political gesture" in support of the work displayed by Brazilian scientists and military personnel.〔(President Lula da Silva visits Brazilian base in Antarctica ) MercoPress. Retrieved on 2009-07-15.〕〔(Lula Visits a Piece of Brazil in Antarctica and Gets Emotional ) Brazzil Magazine. Retrieved on 2009-07-15.〕 In 2009, the Brazilian Navy incorporated the icebreaker ''Almirante Maximiano'' (ex-"Ocean Empress") into its fleet. The ''Almirante Maximiano'' operates UH-12/13 and IH-6B aircraft with a hangar for two helicopters. The Brazilian Navy installed five modern laboratories for the development of scientific research in the Antarctic environment. The ship can accommodate 106 passengers, with 1/3 being scientists and researchers.〔 In 2009 Brazil made its first national scientific expedition to the Antarctic ice sheet.〔( Brazil: 2009/2010 Annual Information (Brazilian National Multidisciplinary Expedition to the Antarctic Ice Sheet: investigating the cryospheric response to global changes) ) Antarctic Treaty System. Retrieved on 2010-10-23.〕〔(Brasil instalará puesto avanzado en interior de la Antártida ) Fundación Nuestro Mar. Retrieved on 2010-10-23. .〕 The expedition integrated atmospheric, glaciological, geological and geophysical studies along the Patriot Hills area and also along the subglacial lake Ellsworth area.〔 On 12 January 2012, the Brazilian Antarctic Program inaugurated the Criosfera 1 module, located on the plateau of the western Antarctica ice sheet, at 84°00' S–79°30' W. It is located from the geographical South Pole and south of the Comandante Ferraz Antarctic Station. On 25 February 2012, a blast in the machine room housing the generators at the station caused a fire that, according to the Brazilian navy, destroyed approximately 70% of the building.〔 (''Nota à Imprensa 3 – Incêndio na Estação Antártica Comandante Ferraz'' ("Press Release 3 - Fire at Comandante Ferraz Antarctic Base") ) Brazilian Navy. Retrieved 26 February 2012.〕 Two soldiers, originally reported as missing by the Brazilian navy, were found dead in the debris of the station after the fire, while a third one sustained non-life-threatening injuries.〔(Two die in fire at Brazil's Antarctic research station ) BBC. Retrieved 26 February 2012.〕 The Brazilian government estimates that it will take about two years to rebuild the station.〔 (''Base da Marinha na Antártida será reconstruída em 2 anos, diz Amorim'' ("Navy base in Antarctica will be rebuilt in 2 years, says Amorim") ) G1. Retrieved 26 February 2012.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Brazilian Antarctic Program」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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